Why boron carbide has high hardness？

Boron carbonide also known as black-diamond, is an organic compound with the formula of B4C. It is usually a greyish-black powder. It’s one of the hardest materials known (after cubic boron and diamond) and it is used in body armor, tank armour and other industrial applications. Boron carbide has an Mohs hardness of about 9.5. Boron carbide does not react with any acid or alkali solution, so it is insoluble even in organic solvents. Boron carbide is also known for its strong thermal neutron capture and high neutron absorption capabilities, which makes it a neutron absorber.

Boron carbide can be used as an artificial rigid material. It is second only to cubic boron and diamond. Boron carbide crystals are hexagonal in structure. 2.52g/cm3 is the density. The melting temperature of Boron carbide is 2450°C. It quickly decomposes when heated above 2800°C and then volatilizes. Boron carbide resists acid and alkali corrosion. It is also not wetted by most molten materials. Boron carbide can withstand air oxidation of 1000 degrees Celsius, however it will oxidize in an oxidizing environment at 900 degrees Celsius. Boron carbide powder can grind to more than half the amount of silicon carbide. It is also 12 the harder than corundum. Boron carbide powder is a great grinding material that can also be worn-resistant.

The strong chemical stability and resistance to high temperatures, armour-piercing and bullet penetration of boron carbonide make it bulletproof. It is used often as bulletproof ceramic material and bulletproof coatings. You can also use it as an antioxidant. It forms an protective layer of carbonaceous substances, which protects against excessive oxidation, and prolongs the useful life of refractory material.

Boron carbide can be used to make body armour. It is also a popular material, second only behind diamond and cubicboron nutride. Boron carbide’s unique crystal structure creates a strong covalent link. Its crystal structure consists primarily of orthorhombic Hexahedrons. Because of its crystal structure, boron carbide has exceptional physical and chemical characteristics such as high hardness, super melting point, low densities, low thermal expansion coefficient, high wear resistant, etc. Because of this, boron carbonide exhibits high hardness.

Boron carbide has been called synthetic diamond. However, current research shows that it isn’t a health hazard. In order to create anti-neutron radiation fibers for leather, anti-X-ray and anti-neutron cores, boron, heavy metal, and polypropylene blends are used. It is possible to get threads with a boron content of 35%. The fibre strength can range from 23-27CN/tex. You can use the breaking elongation to create knitted fabrics or nonwoven fabrics. It can also increase neutron radiation protection shielding rates by up to 44%.

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