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titanium silicon is one of the metal alloys sold by American Elements under the trade name AE Alloys(tm). Available in a variety of forms, including bar, ingot, ribbon, wire, shot, sheet and foil, titanium silicon is often produced as an ultra high purity material.
Kroll Process
The Kroll process was first used for the production of titanium in the United States in 1938 and took a number of years to be perfected for commercial production. This process involves extraction of a sponge containing titanium, purification, production of an alloy and forming.
Silicide Phase
The silicide phase in high temperature titanium alloys is important to improve oxidation resistance. It is characterized by full diffusion of Si during long-term heat exposure, which leads to secondary precipitation and coarsening of silicide in the b-phase, which can improve oxidation resistance by strengthening the a/b phase boundary [47].
Cottrell Atmosphere
The Cottrell atmosphere is formed when solid solution Si forms clusters along dislocations. This formation of a Cottrell atmosphere is important to optimize the creep properties of high temperature titanium alloys and also improves corrosion resistance and strength.
Service Stability
The Si content in high temperature titanium alloys needs to be maintained stable for the duration of service. When this is not possible, the a/b phase boundary softens, causing silicide to precipitate during thermal stability, which can degrade the service properties of titanium alloys.
The use of a high vacuum atmosphere is required for the heat treatment of titanium, which prevents the presence of oxygen and hydrogen at elevated temperatures. This is essential to ensure that the surface is free of hydrides and to maintain its desired properties.